Category Publications

August 2009 — Caster Semenya: Gold Medals, Gender Verification Tests, and Her Journey Since Then, South Africa

In August 2009, the world was introduced to South African track athlete Caster Semenya as she won the 800m World Championships in Berlin, Germany and simultaneously came under public scrutiny over her eligibility to compete in women’s sport.

She improved on her 800m and 1500m records achieved at the 2008 World Junior Championships. The International Amateur Athletic Federation and International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), now known as World Athletics, asserted that it felt compelled to carry out investigations on Semenya’s performance and sex after she improved her record by 25 seconds in the 1500m track event, and by 7 seconds in the 800m track race. They claimed that "this sort of dramatic breakthrough usually aroused the suspicion of drug use."

1982 — Founding of the Phoenix Society, An Underground Network of Trans Women, Transsexuals, Transvestites and Crossdressers During Apartheid, South Africa

South Africa’s first gender-focused group, the Phoenix Society, was established in 1982 in the Apartheid era in South Africa. The Society was an underground network of transvestites, transsexuals, crossdressers and trans women. The Society was founded by Marlene, a white…